Product Introduction to DCP
Dicalcium phosphate, also known as calcium hydrogen phosphate or precipitated calcium phosphate, exists in two forms: anhydrous and dihydrate. The main differences between anhydrous dicalcium phosphate and dihydrate dicalcium phosphate lie in their chemical structure, solubility, application fields, and stability. These differences determine their application characteristics and advantages in different fields.
1. Basic Properties
Dicalcium phosphate is a white crystalline powder of the monoclinic system, odorless and tasteless. Its chemical formula is CaHPO4·2H2O. It is stable in the air. When heated to 75℃, it begins to lose crystal water and becomes an anhydrous substance, and turns into pyrophosphate at high temperatures. It is easily soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute nitric acid, and acetic acid, and slightly soluble in water. From the perspective of its physical and chemical properties, when testing the moisture content, the temperature should be at least below 75℃; otherwise, it will lose crystal water, resulting in a large deviation in the test results. (According to the national standard, after washing with acetone, it is dried at 50±2℃ for 2 hours.) From the molecular formula, its relative molecular mass is 172.10, the atomic mass of calcium is 40.078, and the atomic mass of phosphorus is 30.973762. Therefore, the calcium content of pure dicalcium phosphate should be 23.29%, and the phosphorus content should be 18.00% (the results are retained to two decimal places).
2. Production Processes
Thermal Phosphoric Acid Method: This method has a simple process and stable product quality, but it has high energy consumption and high cost. It is mainly used for the production of phosphate products in the fields of toothpaste, food, and medicine.
Wet Phosphoric Acid Method: It is commonly used in the production of feed - grade dicalcium phosphate in China. Phosphorite is decomposed by sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, and then the product is obtained through processes such as extraction, defluorination, and neutralization.
3. Main Applications
Dicalcium phosphate is a feed additive added to the feed of livestock and poultry to supplement two mineral nutrients, calcium and phosphorus. It is currently the main "calcium + phosphorus" additive used in the field of livestock and poultry breeding in China, and its addition amount in feed is generally 1% - 3%. Its main function is to provide mineral nutrients such as phosphorus and calcium for the compound feed of livestock and poultry. DCP has the characteristic of being easy to digest and absorb, which can accelerate the growth and development of livestock and poultry, shorten the fattening period, and promote rapid weight gain; it can improve the breeding rate and survival rate of livestock and poultry; it can enhance the disease resistance and cold resistance of livestock and poultry, and has a preventive and therapeutic effect on rickets, bacillary white diarrhea, and paralysis of livestock and poultry.
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